A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON WATER QUALITY CRITERIA OF DELIMI RIVER IN JOS, PLATEAU STATE OF NIGERIA
Keywords:
Aquatic environment, water quality, Delimi river
Abstract
A survey to compare level of environmental law compliance using Delimi River, Jos in Plateau State was carried out. The study isolated major pollutants, resulting from waste water seepage from mines. Toxic substances implicated include iron (0.6-3.0 mgl-1), cadmium (1.5-2.1 mgl-1), lead (0.8-1.25 mgl-'), copper (2.6-3.8 mgl-l), Zinc (8.5 - 18.0 mgl-1) and cyanide (0.05-0.4 mgl-1). These values significantly (p < 0.05) violate the internationally recommended water quality criteria for drinking purposes, domestic use and aquatic life.
References
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A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON WATER QUALITY CRITERIA OF DELIMI...
Botkin, D. B. and Keller, E. A. 1998. (Eds) Water Pollution and Treatment pp 414 - 439 In: Earth as a living plant (2° Ed) John Wiley and Sons Inc, New York. 649 pp.
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Jones, I. R. E. 1983. The relative toxicity of salts of lead, zinc and copper to the stickleback, Gasterostens aculeatus, L. and the effect of calcium on the toxicity of lead and zinc salts. J. Exp. Biol, 15:394 - 407.
Krylova, J. V, Kurashov, E. A. and Korkishko, N. N. 2003. The pollution of Lake Ladoga by organochloride pesticide and petroleum products:
Lake and Reservoirs Research and Management 8
(3/'4)-.--)31 -246.
Lloyd. R. 1978. The toxicity of zinc sulphate to rainbow trout. Ann. Appl Biol. 48 - 94.
Njoku, D. C. 1991. Comparative efficiency and techno-economics of multifilament and monofilament gillnets on the Oguta Lake, Nigeria. Fisheries Research, 12:23 - 30
Njoku, D. C., M. O. Onuh and N. C. Ohazurike 1998. Research methods and filed Experimentation in Agriculture and Biological Sciences. Alphabet Nigeria Publishers, Owerri Nigeria, I l 1 pp.
Oronsaye, J. A. O. 1990. The Toxicity of Cadmium to stickleback,Gasterosteus aculeatus, L in soft and hard water. Journal of Aquatic Sciences, 5:1-9.
Roberts, R. J. 1978. Fish pathology. Bailliere - Tindall, London, 360 pp.
Roger H. G. 1979. Sampling Design and Statistical Methods for Environmental Biologists. John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA, 257 pp.
Weatherley, A. H., Lake P. S. and Robers, S. C. 1980. Zinc Pollution and the Ecology of the fresh water Environment. In: Nriagu J. O. (Eds), Zinc in the Environment, Part L Ecological cycling. John Wiley & Sons New York, USA, pp. 175 - 190.
Anadu, D. I. and Ejike, C. 1981. Distribution of some fish and macro-invertebrate fauna in Delimi River in relation to point discharge . of mine washings; Bulletin of the Science Association of Nigeria, 7:202.
Arfi, R (2003). The effects of climate and hydrology on the trophic state of Selingne Reservoir, Mali, West Africa. Lake and Reserviours Research and Management 8 (3/4) : 247 - 257.
AOAC. (Association of Official Analytical Chemists), 1994. Official Analytical methods of the AOAC (Hortwiz, W. Ed) AOAC, Washington, D. C. USA, 685 pp.
APHA - AWWA -- WPCF (American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, and American Pollution Control Federation 1985. Standard methods for the Examination of Water and Waste water, (14 Ed.) APHA, AWWA, WPCF, Washington D. C., USA 1448 pp.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON WATER QUALITY CRITERIA OF DELIMI...
Botkin, D. B. and Keller, E. A. 1998. (Eds) Water Pollution and Treatment pp 414 - 439 In: Earth as a living plant (2° Ed) John Wiley and Sons Inc, New York. 649 pp.
FAO (Food and Agricultural Organization) 1975.
Report on Fish Toxicity testing procedures.
EIFAC Tech. Pap. No. 24, Rome 25 pp.
FEPA (Federal Environmental Protection Agency)
1991. Guidelines and Standards lot- Environmental Pollution Control in Nigeria. Ministry of Works, Housing and Environment, Lagos, Nigeria. 560 pp.
Jones, I. R. E. 1983. The relative toxicity of salts of lead, zinc and copper to the stickleback, Gasterostens aculeatus, L. and the effect of calcium on the toxicity of lead and zinc salts. J. Exp. Biol, 15:394 - 407.
Krylova, J. V, Kurashov, E. A. and Korkishko, N. N. 2003. The pollution of Lake Ladoga by organochloride pesticide and petroleum products:
Lake and Reservoirs Research and Management 8
(3/'4)-.--)31 -246.
Lloyd. R. 1978. The toxicity of zinc sulphate to rainbow trout. Ann. Appl Biol. 48 - 94.
Njoku, D. C. 1991. Comparative efficiency and techno-economics of multifilament and monofilament gillnets on the Oguta Lake, Nigeria. Fisheries Research, 12:23 - 30
Njoku, D. C., M. O. Onuh and N. C. Ohazurike 1998. Research methods and filed Experimentation in Agriculture and Biological Sciences. Alphabet Nigeria Publishers, Owerri Nigeria, I l 1 pp.
Oronsaye, J. A. O. 1990. The Toxicity of Cadmium to stickleback,Gasterosteus aculeatus, L in soft and hard water. Journal of Aquatic Sciences, 5:1-9.
Roberts, R. J. 1978. Fish pathology. Bailliere - Tindall, London, 360 pp.
Roger H. G. 1979. Sampling Design and Statistical Methods for Environmental Biologists. John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA, 257 pp.
Weatherley, A. H., Lake P. S. and Robers, S. C. 1980. Zinc Pollution and the Ecology of the fresh water Environment. In: Nriagu J. O. (Eds), Zinc in the Environment, Part L Ecological cycling. John Wiley & Sons New York, USA, pp. 175 - 190.
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