Evaluation of the Dried Cassava Leaf Meal and Maize Offal as Concentrate Supplement for Goats Fed Rice Straw: Intake and Haematological Parameters
Keywords:
Dry cassava leaf meal, Goats, Nutrient intake, Maize offal and Haematological parameters.
Abstract
A total of nine West African dwarf x Maradi crossbred goat of 10- 12 months, with an average weight of 8.5 kg and of mixed sexes, were used to evaluate the utilization of dried cassava leaf meal (DCLM) and maize offal (MO) of goats fed rice straw ad libitum. The animals were randomly distributed into three treatment groups of three animal each and each animal was a replicate. Diet 1 (70%MO: 30% DCLM), Diet II (50% MO: 50% DCLM) and Diet III (30% MO: 70%DCLM) were used. Each of the animals in the three treatment groups was given 140 g supplement per day while rice straw was fed ad libitum. Result obtained show that daily rice straw intake was significantly lower (p < 0.05) for diets 1 than diets II and III, but II and III were similar (p < 0.05). No significant difference existed in the digestible nutrient intake for all the treatments. The heamatological parameters studied were within normal range, though significantly differences (P < 0.05) exist among dietary treatment. Therefore these materials could be safely used in feeding caprine species in areas where the same are in abundant quantities.
References
Abate, A. N, Abate, A. 1994. Performance of weaner lambs, fed maize leaves and napier grass.In S.H.B. Lebbie, B. Rey and E.K. Irungu (eds), Small ruminant research and development in African. Proceedings of the 2nd biennial conference of Africa Research Network, AICC, Arusha, Tanzania. 7-11 December, 1992.
Adegbola, T. A., Ogbonna, R. C. & Nwachukwu, E. E. 1988. Nutrient intake digestibility and rumen studies in goats feed ranging levels of cassava peels and brewers dried grains Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 15:161 – 166.
Adenkola, A. Y., Durotoye, L. A. 2004. Haematological Study during prepartum and postpartum in brown savanna does. Proceedings of the 38th Annual Conference of the Agricultural Society of Nigeria. Lafia, Nassarawa State, October 17 – 21 2004, Pp 538 – 540
Agishi, E.C. 1985. Forage resources of Nigerian rangeland. Proceeding on National Conference of Small Ruminant Production, Zaria, Nigeria 1:115-140
Ahamefule, F. O., Ibeawuchi, J. A., Elendu, C. 2007. Intake and digestibility by West African dwarf bucks fed cassava leaf-maize offal based diets. Proceeding of 32nd Annual Conference of the Nigerian Society for Animal Production. 32: 552-555
Ako, J.E. 2000. Performance of sheep and goats under three feeding management systems. M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Animal Production, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria. Pp 1 – 4
Alli-Balogun, J. K., Lakpini, C.A.M., Alawa, J.P., Mohammed, A., Nwinta, J. A. 2003. Evaluation of cassava foliage as a protein supplement for sheep. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production. 30 (1): 37-46.
Arigbede, O. M. Olanite, J. A., Oni, A. O. 2002. Voluntary intake, digestibility and performance of WAD goats fed different graded levels of Panicum maxima and Stylosanthes hamata. Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of Nigeria Society of Animal Production. 29:355- 359.
Bamikole, M. A., Ikhatua, J. U., Ajulo, M. T., Oseji, A. C. 2004. Feed utilization potentials of WAD goats fed different properties of Ficus thonningi and Panicum maxima. Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of Nigeria Society of Animal Production. 29: 336- 340.
David, C. C., Krebs, J. S. 1972. Haematological Characteristics of Sheep. American Journal of Veterinary Research 33:153 - 1540.
Duncan, A. B. 1955. Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics 11: 1- 42.
Fasae, O.A., Akintola, O.S.,Sorunke, O.S., Adu, I. F. 2006. Replacement value of cassava foliage for Gliricidia sepium leaves in the diets of goat. Annual Scientific Conference, Nutrition Society of Nigeria June 12 Cultural Centre, Abeokuta. pp 69.
Herper, A. F., Rodwell, D. W., Mayes, P. A. 1979: Review of Physiological Chemistry. 17th ed. Lay. Medical, Los Altos, California, 9422.
Oduye, O. 1976. Haematological values of Nigerian goats and sheep. Tropical Animal Health and Production Journal 8: 131 – 136.
Oladele, S. B., Ayo, J. O., 1999. Comparative studies on haematocrit, haemoglobin and total protein values of apparently healthy and clinically sick indigenous chickens in Zaria, Nigeria. Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa 47: 163 – 165.
Oyewale, J.O., Fajimi, J.L. 1988. The effect of egg laying on haematological and plasma biochemistry of guinea hen. Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa. 36: 229-232.
Schalm, O. W., Jain, M. C., Caroli, E. J. 1975. In: Veterinary Haematology 2nd edition. Published by Lea and Febiger Philadelphia. Pp. 192 – 250
Steel, R. G. D., Torrie, J. H. 1980. In: Principles and procedure of statistics. 2nd edition. McGraw- Hill Book Company Incorporated New York.
Theng Kouch, Preston, T. R., Ly. J. 2003. Studies on utilization of trees and shrubs as the sole feedstuff by growing goats; foliage preferences and nutrient utilization. Livestock Research for Rural Development 15(7)
Togun, V. A., Oseni, B. S. A. 2003. Effect of low level inclusion of biscuit dust in broiler finisher diet on pre-puberal growth and some haematological parameters of unsexed broilers. Research Communication Animal Science 1(2): 10- 14.
Uko, O. J., Ataja, A. M. 1998. Cereal by-products as alternative energy source in diets for rabbits in Nigeria. Blood composition and plasma biochemistry. Paper presented at the 35th Annual Conference of NVMA, 14- 16 July Abuja.
Wanapat, M., Puramangkan, T., Siphuak, W. 2000. Feeding of cassava hay to lactating dairy cows. Asian –Australasian Journal of Animal Science 13(4): 478- 482
Yadav, S. P., Kundu, A., Ahwalat, S. P.S. Senani, S., Chatterjee, R. N., Saha, S. K., Bharati, D., Kumar, S.J., Sunder, J. 2004. Haematological parameters of indigenous goats of Andaman. Indian Veterinary Journal 79: 665- 667.
Adegbola, T. A., Ogbonna, R. C. & Nwachukwu, E. E. 1988. Nutrient intake digestibility and rumen studies in goats feed ranging levels of cassava peels and brewers dried grains Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 15:161 – 166.
Adenkola, A. Y., Durotoye, L. A. 2004. Haematological Study during prepartum and postpartum in brown savanna does. Proceedings of the 38th Annual Conference of the Agricultural Society of Nigeria. Lafia, Nassarawa State, October 17 – 21 2004, Pp 538 – 540
Agishi, E.C. 1985. Forage resources of Nigerian rangeland. Proceeding on National Conference of Small Ruminant Production, Zaria, Nigeria 1:115-140
Ahamefule, F. O., Ibeawuchi, J. A., Elendu, C. 2007. Intake and digestibility by West African dwarf bucks fed cassava leaf-maize offal based diets. Proceeding of 32nd Annual Conference of the Nigerian Society for Animal Production. 32: 552-555
Ako, J.E. 2000. Performance of sheep and goats under three feeding management systems. M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Animal Production, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria. Pp 1 – 4
Alli-Balogun, J. K., Lakpini, C.A.M., Alawa, J.P., Mohammed, A., Nwinta, J. A. 2003. Evaluation of cassava foliage as a protein supplement for sheep. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production. 30 (1): 37-46.
Arigbede, O. M. Olanite, J. A., Oni, A. O. 2002. Voluntary intake, digestibility and performance of WAD goats fed different graded levels of Panicum maxima and Stylosanthes hamata. Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of Nigeria Society of Animal Production. 29:355- 359.
Bamikole, M. A., Ikhatua, J. U., Ajulo, M. T., Oseji, A. C. 2004. Feed utilization potentials of WAD goats fed different properties of Ficus thonningi and Panicum maxima. Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of Nigeria Society of Animal Production. 29: 336- 340.
David, C. C., Krebs, J. S. 1972. Haematological Characteristics of Sheep. American Journal of Veterinary Research 33:153 - 1540.
Duncan, A. B. 1955. Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics 11: 1- 42.
Fasae, O.A., Akintola, O.S.,Sorunke, O.S., Adu, I. F. 2006. Replacement value of cassava foliage for Gliricidia sepium leaves in the diets of goat. Annual Scientific Conference, Nutrition Society of Nigeria June 12 Cultural Centre, Abeokuta. pp 69.
Herper, A. F., Rodwell, D. W., Mayes, P. A. 1979: Review of Physiological Chemistry. 17th ed. Lay. Medical, Los Altos, California, 9422.
Oduye, O. 1976. Haematological values of Nigerian goats and sheep. Tropical Animal Health and Production Journal 8: 131 – 136.
Oladele, S. B., Ayo, J. O., 1999. Comparative studies on haematocrit, haemoglobin and total protein values of apparently healthy and clinically sick indigenous chickens in Zaria, Nigeria. Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa 47: 163 – 165.
Oyewale, J.O., Fajimi, J.L. 1988. The effect of egg laying on haematological and plasma biochemistry of guinea hen. Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa. 36: 229-232.
Schalm, O. W., Jain, M. C., Caroli, E. J. 1975. In: Veterinary Haematology 2nd edition. Published by Lea and Febiger Philadelphia. Pp. 192 – 250
Steel, R. G. D., Torrie, J. H. 1980. In: Principles and procedure of statistics. 2nd edition. McGraw- Hill Book Company Incorporated New York.
Theng Kouch, Preston, T. R., Ly. J. 2003. Studies on utilization of trees and shrubs as the sole feedstuff by growing goats; foliage preferences and nutrient utilization. Livestock Research for Rural Development 15(7)
Togun, V. A., Oseni, B. S. A. 2003. Effect of low level inclusion of biscuit dust in broiler finisher diet on pre-puberal growth and some haematological parameters of unsexed broilers. Research Communication Animal Science 1(2): 10- 14.
Uko, O. J., Ataja, A. M. 1998. Cereal by-products as alternative energy source in diets for rabbits in Nigeria. Blood composition and plasma biochemistry. Paper presented at the 35th Annual Conference of NVMA, 14- 16 July Abuja.
Wanapat, M., Puramangkan, T., Siphuak, W. 2000. Feeding of cassava hay to lactating dairy cows. Asian –Australasian Journal of Animal Science 13(4): 478- 482
Yadav, S. P., Kundu, A., Ahwalat, S. P.S. Senani, S., Chatterjee, R. N., Saha, S. K., Bharati, D., Kumar, S.J., Sunder, J. 2004. Haematological parameters of indigenous goats of Andaman. Indian Veterinary Journal 79: 665- 667.
Issue
Section
Articles
