Evaluation of the Potential of Garlic (allium sativum l.) for the Management of the Larger Grain Borer - prostephanus truncatus (horn) (coleoptera: bostrichidae) in Maize (zea mays l.)
Abstract
The study investigated the potential of Garlic Allium sativum against Prostephanus truncatus in stored maize. 100g disinfested maize grains were weighed into 250cm Kilner Jars using Mettler weighing balance. The grains in each jar were infested with 10 pairs of 1 day old P. truncatus. Thereafter 2g, 4g and 6g of powdered garlic wrapped in 4cm x 4cm sized envelops were separately inserted into maize jars. Each treatment was replicated four times and arranged on work table in the laboratory using complete randomized design. The powdered garlic was not inserted into the four control jars, but they were similarly infested. At 90 days post-infestation, the insects and dust generated were sieved out of the grains. Data on adult P. truncatus, number of adult mortality, weight of dust, number of damaged and undamaged grains were taken. The results showed that irrespective of application rate, the final population of LGB in the non-garlic treated jars (185.25) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than 0.0, 1.0 and 3.3 obtained from maize grains treated with 6, 4 and 2gm garlic powder respectively. All the 20 LGB introduced to maize grains treated with 6g of garlic powder died. The mortality was however, not significant (P > 0.05) different from 19 and 18.5 mortality respectively obtained from maize grains treated with 4 and 2gm garlic powder. The mortalities were however significantly (P < 0.05) higher than 14 LGB in the non-garlic treated jars. The percentage grain damage in jars treated with 6g garlic powder was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than percentage grain damage in other treatments. There was no significant (P > 0.05) difference between the mean weight of dust, percentage grain weight loss and mean number of live adult LGB obtained from all garlic-treated maize. They however, differ significantly (P < 0.05) from data obtained from the non-garlic treated maize. The results of this study indicated that garlic powder has great potential for use in the management of P. truncatus in maize grains.
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