Proximate and Mineral Composition of Seed and Tuber of African Yam Bean, Sphenostylis Stenocarpa (Hoechst. Ex. A. Rich.) Harms
Keywords:
Accession, African yam bean, Proximate analysis, Sphenostylis stenocarpa
Abstract
The compositional analyses of the seed and tuber of African yam bean were carried out and their constituents compared. There were highly significant differences (P< 0.001) between the crude protein, ash, nitrogen-free extract, and crude fibre and carbohydrate fractions of the seed in the five accessions of African yam bean. Fat (ether extract) and moisture content fractions of the seed did not differ significantly (P>0.05) between the five accessions. The yam bean tuber was composed mainly of carbohydrate (79.24%). The other constituents of the tuber showed low percentages except nitrogen-free extract (71.18%) that was more than those found in the seed. Both the seed and tuber of African yam bean had higher levels of carbohydrate than crude protein. The use of paired T-test showed that both the seed and tuber of African yam bean did not differ significantly (P>0.05) in the composition of their mineral contents.
References
Apata, D.F., Ologhobo, A.D. 1994. Biochemical evaluation of some Nigerian legume seeds. Food Chem. 49: 333 - 338.
AOAC. 1984. Official Methods of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington D. C. pp. 7.004 - 7.005.
Cerny, K. 1978. Comparative Nutritional and Clinical Aspects of the Winged bean. In: The Winged bean. Paper presented in the 1st International Symposium on Developing the Potentials of the Winged bean, January 1978. Philippine Council for Agric. and Resources Research. Manila, Philippines. pp. 281 - 299.
Claydon, A. 1975. A review of the nutritional value of the Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) with special reference to Papua, New Guinea. Sci. in New Guinea 3(2): 103.
Claydon, A. 1978. The role of the Winged bean in human nutrition. In: The Winged bean. Paper presented in the 1st International Symposium on Developing the Potentials of the Winged bean, January 1978. Philippine Council for Agric. and Resources Research. Manila, Philippines. pp. 263 - 280.
Duke, J.A., Okigbo, B.N., Reed, C.F. 1977. Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hoechst. ex. A. Rich.) Harms. Tropical. Grain Legume Bulletin 10:4 - 5.
Edem, D.O., Amugo, C.I., Eka, O.U. 1990. Chemical composition of yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa). Tropical Science. 55: 215 - 219.
Ekpenyong, T.E., Borchers, R.L. 1978. Nutritional Aspect of the Winged bean. In: The Winged bean. Paper presented in the 1st International Symposium on Developing the Potentials of the Winged bean, January 1978. Philippine Council for Agric. and Resources Research. Manila, Philippines. pp. 300 - 312.
Evans, I.M., Boulter, D. 1974. Amino acid composition of seed meals of yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) and Lima bean (Phaseolus Iunatus). Journal of Science, Food and Agriculture 25: 919 - 922.
FAO. 1972. Food Composition Table for Use in East Asia, FAO, US Dept. of Health Education and Welfare.
FAO. 1986. Manuals of food quality control. Food analysis: general techniques, additives, contaminants and composition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper 14 (7): 203 - 232.
Kine, B.B., Eka, O.U., Aremu, C.Y., Ifon, E.T. 1991. Chemical evaluation of the nutritive value of African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa). Tropical Journal of Applied Science 1: 99 - 102.
McDonald, P., Edwards, R.A., Greenhalgh, J. F. D. 1973. Animal Nutrition. T & A Constable Ltd., Edinburgh. pp. 2 - 5.
NAS. 1979. Tropical Legumes: Resources for the future. National Academy of Sciences, Washington D. C. pp. 230 - 331.
Nwokolo, E. 1987. A nutritional assessment of African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) (Hoechst. ex. A. Rich.) Harms. and Bambara groundnut (Voandzeia subterranea L.). Journal of Science, Food and Agriculture 41: 123 - 129.
Okigbo, B.N. 1973. Introducing the yam bean: Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hoechst. ex. A. Rich.) Harms. Proc. First 11TA Grain Legume Improvement Workshop, London. 29th Oct. - 2nd Nov. 1973. pp. 224 - 337.
Oshodi, A.A., Ipinmoroti, K.O. Adeyeye, E.I., Hall, G.M. 1995. Amino and Fatty acids composition of African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) flour. Food Chem. 53: 1 - 6.
Pearson, D. 1976. The chemical analysis of foods. Churchill Livingstone, New York. pp. 6 - 26.
Temple, V.S., Odewumi, L., Joseph, K. 1991. Soybeans and soybean based diets. In: Proc. of 3rd Regional Workshop on Rural Development, Jos, 31st July - 2nd August 1991. pp. 45 - 50.
Watson, J.D.1979. Chemical composition of some less commonly used legumes in Ghana. Food Chem. 2: 267 - 271.
AOAC. 1984. Official Methods of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington D. C. pp. 7.004 - 7.005.
Cerny, K. 1978. Comparative Nutritional and Clinical Aspects of the Winged bean. In: The Winged bean. Paper presented in the 1st International Symposium on Developing the Potentials of the Winged bean, January 1978. Philippine Council for Agric. and Resources Research. Manila, Philippines. pp. 281 - 299.
Claydon, A. 1975. A review of the nutritional value of the Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) with special reference to Papua, New Guinea. Sci. in New Guinea 3(2): 103.
Claydon, A. 1978. The role of the Winged bean in human nutrition. In: The Winged bean. Paper presented in the 1st International Symposium on Developing the Potentials of the Winged bean, January 1978. Philippine Council for Agric. and Resources Research. Manila, Philippines. pp. 263 - 280.
Duke, J.A., Okigbo, B.N., Reed, C.F. 1977. Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hoechst. ex. A. Rich.) Harms. Tropical. Grain Legume Bulletin 10:4 - 5.
Edem, D.O., Amugo, C.I., Eka, O.U. 1990. Chemical composition of yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa). Tropical Science. 55: 215 - 219.
Ekpenyong, T.E., Borchers, R.L. 1978. Nutritional Aspect of the Winged bean. In: The Winged bean. Paper presented in the 1st International Symposium on Developing the Potentials of the Winged bean, January 1978. Philippine Council for Agric. and Resources Research. Manila, Philippines. pp. 300 - 312.
Evans, I.M., Boulter, D. 1974. Amino acid composition of seed meals of yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) and Lima bean (Phaseolus Iunatus). Journal of Science, Food and Agriculture 25: 919 - 922.
FAO. 1972. Food Composition Table for Use in East Asia, FAO, US Dept. of Health Education and Welfare.
FAO. 1986. Manuals of food quality control. Food analysis: general techniques, additives, contaminants and composition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper 14 (7): 203 - 232.
Kine, B.B., Eka, O.U., Aremu, C.Y., Ifon, E.T. 1991. Chemical evaluation of the nutritive value of African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa). Tropical Journal of Applied Science 1: 99 - 102.
McDonald, P., Edwards, R.A., Greenhalgh, J. F. D. 1973. Animal Nutrition. T & A Constable Ltd., Edinburgh. pp. 2 - 5.
NAS. 1979. Tropical Legumes: Resources for the future. National Academy of Sciences, Washington D. C. pp. 230 - 331.
Nwokolo, E. 1987. A nutritional assessment of African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) (Hoechst. ex. A. Rich.) Harms. and Bambara groundnut (Voandzeia subterranea L.). Journal of Science, Food and Agriculture 41: 123 - 129.
Okigbo, B.N. 1973. Introducing the yam bean: Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hoechst. ex. A. Rich.) Harms. Proc. First 11TA Grain Legume Improvement Workshop, London. 29th Oct. - 2nd Nov. 1973. pp. 224 - 337.
Oshodi, A.A., Ipinmoroti, K.O. Adeyeye, E.I., Hall, G.M. 1995. Amino and Fatty acids composition of African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) flour. Food Chem. 53: 1 - 6.
Pearson, D. 1976. The chemical analysis of foods. Churchill Livingstone, New York. pp. 6 - 26.
Temple, V.S., Odewumi, L., Joseph, K. 1991. Soybeans and soybean based diets. In: Proc. of 3rd Regional Workshop on Rural Development, Jos, 31st July - 2nd August 1991. pp. 45 - 50.
Watson, J.D.1979. Chemical composition of some less commonly used legumes in Ghana. Food Chem. 2: 267 - 271.
Issue
Section
Articles
