Design Methodology for Photovoltaic Pumping System Suitable for Rural Application in Nigeria
Keywords:
Photovoltaic, pumping system, PV-array, PV-modules, rural area, solar.
Abstract
Photovoltaic pumping system as an alternative source of potable water to stream water normally consumed by rural dwellers in Nigeria is considered in this paper. A general method for designing simple photovoltaic pumping systems suitable for rural application is developed. The pumping system is based on photovoltaic receiver driving electric pump. Also, information available from PV module and pump-motor manufacturers was used in the design analysis. With this method it is possible to predict the fluid flow rate at any given environmental condition. The problems of lack of potable water in the rural area and the applications of solar pump for village water supply and irrigation are discussed.
References
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Anis, W.R., Mertes, R., Vas Overstacten, R. 1985. Coupling of a volumetric pump to a photovoltaic array. Solar Cells. 14(1): 27 – 42.
Appelbaum, J., Bany, J. 1979. Performance analysis of direct coupled PV pumping system. Solar Energy. 22(1): 439 – 445.
Bamiro, O. B., Ideriah, F. J. K. 1982. Determination of the optimum collector orientation for Ibadan Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Solar Energy. 2(1): 26 – 32.
Bather, D. M., Caruthers, S. P. 1981. Energy from agriculture; catch crops as a potential fuel source in the UK. Proceedings of the International Seminar on Energy Conservation and the use of Solar and other Renewable Energies in Agriculture; Polytechnic of Central London. Pergamon Press Ltd., England: 9 – 22.
Duffie, J.A., Beckman, W.A. 1991. Solar Engineering of Thermal processes, 2nd edition, Wiley Interscience. New York.
Esrey, S.A., Potash, J.B., Roberts, I., Shiff, C. 1996. Effects of improved water supply and sanitation on ascariasis, diarrhoea, dracunculiasis, hookworm infection, schistosomiasis and trachom. Bulletin of the World Health Organisation (WHO). 69(5): 609 – 621.
Fagbenle, R. 1991. Optimum collector tilt angles and average annual global radiation for Nigeria conditions. Nigeria Journal of Renewable Energy. 2(1): 9 – 17
Hsiao, Y.R., Blevins, B.A. 1984. Direct coupling of photovoltaic power source to water pumping system. Solar Energy. 32(4): 489 – 498.
Klein, S.A. 1996. TRNSYS Users Manual Version 14.2, University of Wisconsin solar energy Laboratory, Madison, W.I.
Loxsom, F., Durongkaveroj, P. 1994. Estimating the performance of photovoltaic pumping system. Solar energy. 52(2): 215 – 219.
Oguntoke, O., Ogunwede, Y.A. 2003. Impact of unsanitary waste disposal on the health of rural dwellers. Proceedings of the 11th Annual Conference of Environment and Behaviour Association of Nigeria (EBAN). November 2003: 129 – 133.
Q-Kou, S., Klein, S.A., Beckman, W.A. 1998. A method for estimating the long-term performance of direct-coupled PV pumping systems. Solar Energy. 64(1): 33 – 40.
Roger, J.A. 1979. Theory of the direct coupling between DC motors and photovoltaic solar arrays. Solar Energy. 23(3): 193 – 198.
Said, M.M., Jabori, M.G. 1989. Optimal solar array configuration and DC motor tile parameters for maximum annual output mechanical energy. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion. 4(3): 459 – 465.
Singer, S., Appelbaum, J. 1993. Starting characteristics of DC motor powered by solar cells. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion. 8(1): 47 – 53.
Tomas, M. 1998. Solar electricity. John Wiley and Sons Ltd, West Sussex. England
Anis, W.R., Mertes, R., Vas Overstacten, R. 1985. Coupling of a volumetric pump to a photovoltaic array. Solar Cells. 14(1): 27 – 42.
Appelbaum, J., Bany, J. 1979. Performance analysis of direct coupled PV pumping system. Solar Energy. 22(1): 439 – 445.
Bamiro, O. B., Ideriah, F. J. K. 1982. Determination of the optimum collector orientation for Ibadan Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Solar Energy. 2(1): 26 – 32.
Bather, D. M., Caruthers, S. P. 1981. Energy from agriculture; catch crops as a potential fuel source in the UK. Proceedings of the International Seminar on Energy Conservation and the use of Solar and other Renewable Energies in Agriculture; Polytechnic of Central London. Pergamon Press Ltd., England: 9 – 22.
Duffie, J.A., Beckman, W.A. 1991. Solar Engineering of Thermal processes, 2nd edition, Wiley Interscience. New York.
Esrey, S.A., Potash, J.B., Roberts, I., Shiff, C. 1996. Effects of improved water supply and sanitation on ascariasis, diarrhoea, dracunculiasis, hookworm infection, schistosomiasis and trachom. Bulletin of the World Health Organisation (WHO). 69(5): 609 – 621.
Fagbenle, R. 1991. Optimum collector tilt angles and average annual global radiation for Nigeria conditions. Nigeria Journal of Renewable Energy. 2(1): 9 – 17
Hsiao, Y.R., Blevins, B.A. 1984. Direct coupling of photovoltaic power source to water pumping system. Solar Energy. 32(4): 489 – 498.
Klein, S.A. 1996. TRNSYS Users Manual Version 14.2, University of Wisconsin solar energy Laboratory, Madison, W.I.
Loxsom, F., Durongkaveroj, P. 1994. Estimating the performance of photovoltaic pumping system. Solar energy. 52(2): 215 – 219.
Oguntoke, O., Ogunwede, Y.A. 2003. Impact of unsanitary waste disposal on the health of rural dwellers. Proceedings of the 11th Annual Conference of Environment and Behaviour Association of Nigeria (EBAN). November 2003: 129 – 133.
Q-Kou, S., Klein, S.A., Beckman, W.A. 1998. A method for estimating the long-term performance of direct-coupled PV pumping systems. Solar Energy. 64(1): 33 – 40.
Roger, J.A. 1979. Theory of the direct coupling between DC motors and photovoltaic solar arrays. Solar Energy. 23(3): 193 – 198.
Said, M.M., Jabori, M.G. 1989. Optimal solar array configuration and DC motor tile parameters for maximum annual output mechanical energy. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion. 4(3): 459 – 465.
Singer, S., Appelbaum, J. 1993. Starting characteristics of DC motor powered by solar cells. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion. 8(1): 47 – 53.
Tomas, M. 1998. Solar electricity. John Wiley and Sons Ltd, West Sussex. England
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